Qamis: complete definition and history of this garment
Do you often hear about the qamis without knowing exactly what it is? Would you like to wear one but don't know where to start? This article is for you.
We explain in detail the definition of the qamis, its origin, significance, different types, and how to choose the right one for everyday wear and prayer.
What is a qamis?
The qamis (from the Arabic قميص, literally meaning "shirt") is a traditional long men's tunic worn mainly in the Muslim world. Its design is simple: ankle length, long sleeves, loose without being bulky, generally with a buttoned opening at the chest.
The qamis is now worn daily in the Arabian Peninsula, the Indian subcontinent, and increasingly in the West by practicing Muslims, particularly for prayer.
The origin of the qamis
The qamis has its roots in pre-Islamic Arabia. It was already the standard garment of the Arabian Peninsula during the time of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ. Several hadiths explicitly mention the qamis as his favorite garment.
According to the authentic collection of Abu Dawud, Umm Salama (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: "The garment most loved by the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was the qamis." (Sunan Abu Dawud, hadith 4025).
From this Arab origin, the qamis spread with the expansion of Islam into:
- The Persian Gulf: where it takes the form of the thobe or Saudi qamis
- Yemen and Oman: with their local variations
- The Indian subcontinent: where it becomes the kurta or Pakistani qamis
- North Africa: where it coexists with the djellaba and gandoura
The main types of qamis
The Saudi qamis (thobe)
The most widely worn worldwide. Straight cut, classic shirt collar with a flap, buttoned cuffs, and ankle length. Ideal for prayer as well as everyday wear, it is the best-seller in our catalog.
The Emirati qamis
Very similar to the Saudi qamis, but with a high Mandarin collar without a flap, and often a decorative cord at the collar (tarbousha). A more modern and refined style.
The Pakistani qamis
Shorter (mid-calf length), worn with loose-fitting trousers (shalwar), often in bright colors. This is the qamis of the Indian subcontinent.
The short-sleeved qamis
A modern, summer version, particularly popular in hot climates or for casual outings.
The religious significance of the qamis
The qamis has an important spiritual significance in Islam for several reasons:
- It was the Prophet Muhammad’s ﷺ favorite garment, according to authentic hadiths.
- It properly covers the 'awra (the parts of the body that must be covered) for prayer.
- Its traditional length follows the prophetic recommendation not to extend below the ankles.
- Its simplicity reflects the ideal of modesty recommended in Islam.
To explore these aspects further, see our guide to men's thobes for prayer.
How do you choose the right thobe?
The fit
A thobe should be loose without being baggy. The shoulders should fall naturally, and the hem should reach between mid-calf and the ankle, depending on your preference and interpretation of religious recommendations.
The color
- White: timeless and perfect for Friday prayers and Eid
- Beige, gray, camel: versatile for everyday wear
- Black, navy blue: dressier and ideal for the evening
The fabric
Cotton is the standard: breathable, comfortable, and easy to care for. Cotton-polyester blends offer better drape and fewer wrinkles.
The style
Saudi for a classic cut, Emirati for a modern touch, short-sleeved for summer or a more casual look.
How much does a thobe cost?
For European ready-to-wear, expect to pay €25 to €80 for good quality. High-end embroidered versions can cost €150 or more.
Gift idea: thobe and prayer rug gift set
A thobe and prayer rug gift set is an ideal gift for a Muslim loved one, especially for Eid or a wedding. Our guide to thobe gift sets explains the best options in detail.
FAQ: everything you need to know about the thobe
Is a thobe required for prayer?
No. No specific garment is required for prayer. However, the thobe is recommended because it facilitates movement and provides good coverage of the 'awra.
Can you wear a thobe every day?
Absolutely. In the Gulf, it is everyday clothing. In the West, many people wear it daily or when going to the mosque.
What distinguishes a Saudi thobe from an Emirati thobe?
The main difference is the collar: a classic shirt collar with a stand for the Saudi style, and a high Mandarin collar without a stand for the Emirati style. The Emirati thobe also often features a decorative cord (tarboosh).
What thobe length should you choose?
The traditional length falls between mid-calf and the ankle. Depending on religious interpretations, some prefer it above the ankle.
To learn more
Also explore our other guides to learn more about the subject:
- What is the difference between a thobe and a djellaba?
- The thobe in Islam
- Which thobe should you give for Eid?
Discover our collection of thobes
Saudi, Emirati, and short-sleeved thobes: find the style that suits you.
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